Технологическая карта выращивания strawberry cabrillo в кокосовом субстрате

1. Preparation and Planting of Seedlings

Длительность этапа:5 дней

* Preparing coconut substrate. The preparation of coconut mats begins with soaking them in a solution of calcium nitrate or standard nutrient solution. After the mat has been fully soaked, the solution should be stopped for 12 hours. During this time, salts in the coconut substrate will begin to dissolve. This practice improves the quality of further flushing. After the mats soaked in the working solution or calcium nitrate have sat for 12 hours, they need to be flushed. A standard nutrient solution with EC 1.5 mS/cm at pH 5.5 is used for flushing. When flushing the substrate, it is necessary to check the EC level in the mat every 2-3 waterings. Flushing is stopped when the EC in the mat reaches 2.5 mS/cm.
* Planting seedlings. The prepared seedlings are planted in the mats. When planting, care must be taken not to bend the roots (if necessary, cut the tips) and place the root collar at substrate level to avoid rot.
* Application of biopesticides. For the prevention of root rot after planting and further every 25-30 days, products based on Bacillus subtilis are applied to the root with drip irrigation.
* Watering. Nutrient solution supply is done through drip irrigation. Water for watering should have a pH of 6.5-7.5 and EC of less than 0.7 mS/cm, chloride content <130 mg/L.

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2. Rooting, Beginning of Flowering, and Plant Care

Длительность этапа:55 дней

* Watering. The solution supply is done through drip irrigation.
* Plant shaping. At the beginning of growth, remove the tendrils and first flower stalks so that the plants direct their energy toward rooting and developing vegetative mass.
* Pollination. To improve pollination, it is best to use bumblebees. It is important to maintain optimal temperature (not above 25°C) and humidity (not above 70%), as deviations may disrupt the pollination process and lead to fruit deformation.
* Treatment with biopesticides. To prevent powdery mildew, gray rot, and leaf spots, spray the plants with products based on Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis every 25-30 days.
* Foliar fertilizers. Spray on the leaves with boric acid at a concentration of 0.05-0.1% before flowering begins.
* Setting up adhesive traps. Use traps with yellow, blue, and black surfaces with a special entomological glue applied. Replace traps as needed (once every 5-8 weeks).

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3. Fruiting and Plant Care

Длительность этапа:160 дней

* Watering. The solution supply is done through drip irrigation.
* Harvesting. Strawberries should be harvested daily, and during periods of higher temperatures and bright light — twice a day. When harvesting fruits, be sure to leave the calyx attached to the fruit. The harvest of ND varieties is collected 3-4 times per season, depending on conditions and variety of strawberries. The berries are packed in special plastic or cardboard containers with ventilation holes for air circulation.
* Plant shaping. Regularly remove old and large leaves during growth. It is best to do this every 2 weeks, removing no more than 2 leaves from the plant at a time.
* Treatment with biopesticides. To prevent powdery mildew, gray rot, and leaf spots, spray the plants with products based on Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis every 25-30 days.

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4. Preparing the Greenhouse for the Next Cycle

Длительность этапа:14 дней

* Cleaning the greenhouse. Removal of all plant residues (leaves, stems, roots) to prevent the spread of diseases.
* Disinfection of the greenhouse. Disinfection of greenhouse surfaces using safe disinfecting solutions aimed at destroying pathogens and pests.
* Cleaning and disinfection of equipment. Washing and disinfecting all tools, shelves, containers, and instruments used in cultivation.
* Checking and adjusting the heating and ventilation system.
* Checking and maintaining the lighting system.
* Checking drippers and irrigation systems. Cleaning water supply systems, drippers, and hoses to prevent clogs and infections.

5. Post-Harvest Storage

Длительность этапа:10 дней

The optimal storage temperature is 0–2 °C. At this temperature, the metabolic processes of the berries slow down, helping to keep them fresh for up to 7-10 days.

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