Технологическая карта выращивания lettuce в гидропонике

1. Sowing seeds and germination

Длительность этапа:3 дня

* Preparing the substrate. The substrate for cultivation can be different – organic (peat, coconut) or inert (mineral wool, expanded clay, perlite). An example of a substrate: a mixture of top peat (5-15 mm) and agroperlite in a ratio of 4:1. The optimal pH level for peat substrate is 5.8-6.2, EC 1.2 mS/cm.
* Treatment with biofungicides. Treat the substrate before filling cups.
* Preparing the cups. Before filling, the cups are placed in special reusable plastic cassettes (previously cleaned and disinfected). After the substrate is poured onto the cassette, it is distributed across the surface in circular motions. Cups D6 should be filled with substrate level with the edge and should not be compacted. The weight of a standard salad cup with the correctly prepared and packed substrate is 38-42 g.
* Sowing. Sow 3 seeds in each cup (in June-August – 2 seeds) to a depth of no more than 0.5 cm.
* Watering and covering. After sowing, the cassettes are watered (the pot should weigh 48-50 g) and covered with non-woven material or placed in a germination chamber.

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2. Seedling care

Длительность этапа:12 дней

* Transplanting the seedlings into the seedling compartment.
* Lighting. After placing in the seedling compartment, the seedlings should be supplemented with light. Lighting power is 100-120 W/m².
* Treatment with bioinsecticides. Seedlings at the 2 true leaf stage are treated with bioinsecticides to prevent aphids.
* Watering. Watering and fertilization of plants are performed mechanically or manually. Water 3 times a week with clean water and 2-3 times with a standard nutrient solution.

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3. Transplanting to a permanent location and caring for plants

Длительность этапа:25 дней

* Setting in a permanent place. When the seedlings form 2-4 leaves and roots start to exit through the holes in the pot, they are placed in hydroponic modules. Ensure that roots reach the film of the nutrient solution.
* Watering. Change the nutrient solution every 2-3 weeks. The electrical conductivity of the solution in the autumn-winter period should be 2.0-2.2 mS/cm, in the spring-summer - 1.5-1.7 mS/cm depending on lighting and temperature.
* Treatment with biofungicides. To protect plants from powdery mildew and other leaf infections, preventive spraying is recommended.

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4. Harvesting

Длительность этапа:3 дня

* Harvesting. The lettuce harvest is collected when the leaves are fully formed and reached marketable appearance. Plants with pots are taken out from the cultivation channels or cassette inserts and packed into individual bags.

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5. Preparation for a new growing cycle

Длительность этапа:14 дней

* System cleaning. Remove remnants of the previous substrate, roots, plants, and other organic materials.
* Disinfection. Fill the system with a hydrogen peroxide solution (3%) and leave for 1-2 hours. After disinfection, rinse the system with clean water three times to remove residues of disinfectants. Cassettes intended for reuse must be washed and disinfected in a hydrogen peroxide solution.
* Checking and adjusting the heating and ventilation system.
* Checking and servicing the lighting system.

6. Storage after harvesting

Длительность этапа:10 дней

Products should be stored at a temperature of 0–2°C and relative humidity of 90–95% – for up to 10 days; at a temperature of 4–5°C and relative humidity of 90–95% – for no more than 5 days.

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